AI-Enabled Social Commerce and Strategic Resilience: Dynamic Capabilities in TikTok Shop by Tokopedia and Shopee Live

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61978/novatio.v4i3.1554

Keywords:

AI-enabled social commerce, digital marketing resilience, dynamic capabilities, Indonesia’s platform ecosystem

Abstract

AI-enabled social commerce has become a strategic form of platform-based digital marketing in Indonesia, where content discovery, live interaction, creators, seller tools, and regulation reshape how digital commerce is organized. This study examines how publicly observable AI-enabled social commerce capabilities support digital marketing strategic resilience in Indonesia’s platform ecosystem. It addresses a platform-level gap by shifting attention from consumer outcomes to the ways platforms translate social commerce features into adaptive capabilities. Using a descriptive qualitative comparative case study, the research analyzes TikTok Shop by Tokopedia and Shopee Live through publicly available secondary data, including regulations, corporate announcements, official platform pages, industry reports, academic literature, credible business news, and public market data. The data were examined through document analysis, qualitative content analysis, event chronology, platform comparison, and capability mapping based on the dynamic capabilities framework. The findings indicate that TikTok Shop by Tokopedia illustrates structural resilience through social content and marketplace integration, whereas Shopee Live illustrates functional resilience through livestream commerce, seller support, and in-app interactive shopping. Conceptually, the study shows that personalization, recommendation, content discovery, live shopping, creator mechanisms, advertising, and seller support become strategically relevant when they support sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring. The study contributes a conceptual model linking AI-enabled social commerce capabilities, dynamic capabilities, and digital marketing strategic resilience, while acknowledging that secondary data do not allow examination of internal algorithms, proprietary performance data, or causal effects.

References

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027

Busalim, A. H., & Hussin, A. R. C. (2016). Understanding social commerce: A systematic literature review and directions for further research. International Journal of Information Management, 36(6), 1075-1088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.06.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.06.005

Chintalapati, S., & Pandey, S. K. (2022). Artificial intelligence in marketing: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Market Research, 64(1), 38-68. https://doi.org/10.1177/14707853211018428 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/14707853211018428

Conz, E., & Magnani, G. (2020). A dynamic perspective on the resilience of firms: A systematic literature review and framework. European Management Journal, 38(3), 400-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.12.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.12.004

Davenport, T. H., Guha, A., Grewal, D., & Bressgott, T. (2020). How artificial intelligence will change the future of marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(1), 24-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00696-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00696-0

De Bruyn, A., Viswanathan, V., Beh, Y. S., Brock, J. K.-U., & von Wangenheim, F. (2020). Artificial intelligence and marketing: Pitfalls and opportunities. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 51, 91-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2020.04.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2020.04.007

Duchek, S. (2020). Organizational resilience: A capability-based conceptualization. Business Research, 13, 215-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7

Dwivedi, Y. K., Ismagilova, E., Hughes, D. L., Carlson, J., Filieri, R., Jacobson, J., Jain, V., Karjaluoto, H., Kefi, H., Krishen, A. S., Kumar, V., Rahman, M. M., Raman, R., Rauschnabel, P. A., Rowley, J., Salo, J., Tran, G. A., & Wang, Y. (2021). Setting the future of digital and social media marketing research: Perspectives and research propositions. International Journal of Information Management, 59, 102168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102168 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102168

Gawer, A. (2022). Digital platforms and ecosystems: Remarks on the dominant organizational forms of the digital age. Innovation: Organization & Management, 24(1), 110-124. https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2021.1965888 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14479338.2021.1965888

Google, Temasek, & Bain & Company. (2025). e-Conomy SEA 2025: From digital decade to AI reality: Accelerating the future in ASEAN. https://economysea.withgoogle.com/

GoTo. (2024, February 1). GoTo and TikTok announce transaction completion, formalizing strategic partnership for Indonesia. https://www.gotocompany.com/en/news/press/goto-and-tiktok-announce-transaction-completion-formalizing-strategic-partnership-for-indonesia

Hein, A., Schreieck, M., Riasanow, T., Setzke, D. S., Wiesche, M., Böhm, M., & Krcmar, H. (2020). Digital platform ecosystems. Electronic Markets, 30(1), 87-98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-019-00377-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-019-00377-4

Hillmann, J., & Guenther, E. (2021). Organizational resilience: A valuable construct for management research? International Journal of Management Reviews, 23(1), 7-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12239 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12239

Huang, M.-H., & Rust, R. T. (2021). A strategic framework for artificial intelligence in marketing. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49(1), 30-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9

Jacobides, M. G., Cennamo, C., & Gawer, A. (2018). Towards a theory of ecosystems. Strategic Management Journal, 39(8), 2255-2276. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2904 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2904

Kannan, P. K., & Li, H. A. (2017). Digital marketing: A framework, review and research agenda. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 34(1), 22-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.11.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.11.006

Kemp, S. (2025, November 5). Digital 2026: Indonesia. DataReportal. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2026-indonesia

Kumar, V., Ashraf, A. R., & Nadeem, W. (2024). AI-powered marketing: What, where, and how? International Journal of Information Management, 77, 102783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2024.102783 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2024.102783

Li, F., Larimo, J., & Leonidou, L. C. (2021). Social media marketing strategy: Definition, conceptualization, taxonomy, validation, and future agenda. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 49(1), 51-70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00733-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-020-00733-3

Lou, C., & Yuan, S. (2019). Influencer marketing: How message value and credibility affect consumer trust of branded content on social media. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 19(1), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.1533501 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2018.1533501

Mariani, M. M., Perez-Vega, R., & Wirtz, J. (2022). AI in marketing, consumer research and psychology: A systematic literature review and research agenda. Psychology & Marketing, 39(4), 755-776. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21619 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21619

Mikalef, P., & Gupta, M. (2021). Artificial intelligence capability: Conceptualization, measurement calibration, and empirical study on its impact on organizational creativity and firm performance. Information & Management, 58(3), 103434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2021.103434 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2021.103434

Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia. (2023). Regulation of the Minister of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia Number 31 of 2023 concerning business licensing, advertising, guidance, and supervision of business actors in trade through electronic systems. https://jdih.kemendag.go.id/peraturan/peraturan-menteri-perdagangan-nomor-31-tahun-2023-tentang-perizinan-berusaha-periklanan-pembinaan-dan-pengawasan-pelaku-usaha-dalam-perdagangan-melalui-sistem-elektronik

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

Prasetia, A. R., Hurriyati, R., & Dirgantari, P. D. (2025). The effect of live-stream e-branding on impulse buying behavior with parasocial interaction as a mediating variable on Shopee Live. Commercium: Journal of Business and Management, 4(1), 41-60. https://doi.org/10.61978/commercium.v4i1.1176 DOI: https://doi.org/10.61978/commercium.v4i1.1176

Rangaswamy, A., Moch, N., Felten, C., van Bruggen, G., Wieringa, J. E., & Wirtz, J. (2020). The role of marketing in digital business platforms. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 51, 72-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2020.04.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2020.04.006

Reuters. (2026, February 19). Google, Shopee-owner Sea to develop AI tools for e-commerce, gaming. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/google-shopee-owner-sea-develop-ai-tools-e-commerce-gaming-2026-02-19/

Schilke, O., Hu, S., & Helfat, C. E. (2018). Quo vadis, dynamic capabilities? A content-analytic review of the current state of knowledge and recommendations for future research. Academy of Management Annals, 12(1), 390-439. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0014 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0014

Shopee Seller Centre. (2025). Tentang Shopee Live. https://seller.shopee.co.id/edu/article/18646

Sun, Y., Shao, X., Li, X., Guo, Y., & Nie, K. (2019). How live streaming influences purchase intentions in social commerce: An IT affordance perspective. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 37, 100886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100886 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100886

Teece, D. J. (2018). Business models and dynamic capabilities. Long Range Planning, 51(1), 40-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2017.06.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2017.06.007

TikTok. (2020, June 18). How TikTok recommends videos #ForYou. TikTok Newsroom. https://newsroom.tiktok.com/how-tiktok-recommends-videos-for-you

TikTok Shop. (n.d.). TikTok Shop: Discover the future of social commerce. Retrieved May 14, 2026, from https://seller.tiktok.com/

Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, J. Q., Fabian, N., & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889-901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022

Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003

Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52(3), 326-349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001

Wongkitrungrueng, A., & Assarut, N. (2020). The role of live streaming in building consumer trust and engagement with social commerce sellers. Journal of Business Research, 117, 543-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.08.032 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.08.032

Wongkitrungrueng, A., Dehouche, N., & Assarut, N. (2020). Live streaming commerce from the sellers’ perspective: Implications for online relationship marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 36(5-6), 488-518. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2020.1748895 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2020.1748895

Zhang, K. Z. K., & Benyoucef, M. (2016). Consumer behavior in social commerce: A literature review. Decision Support Systems, 86, 95-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2016.04.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2016.04.001

Zhang, M., Qin, F., Wang, G. A., & Luo, C. (2020). The impact of live video streaming on online purchase intention. The Service Industries Journal, 40(9-10), 656-681. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1576642 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1576642

Downloads

Published

2026-07-30

How to Cite

Prasetia, A. R., Solihin, I., Putra, I. G. S., Nurazizah, R., & Ramdhani, M. R. (2026). AI-Enabled Social Commerce and Strategic Resilience: Dynamic Capabilities in TikTok Shop by Tokopedia and Shopee Live. Novatio : Journal of Management Technology and Innovation , 4(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.61978/novatio.v4i3.1554

Issue

Section

Articles