Integrative Strategies for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: A Narrative Review of Biopsychosocial Interventions and Health Policy Alignment
Keywords:
Chronic Non Cancer Pain, Integrated Pain Management, Biopsychosocial Model, Psychological Interventions, Movement Based Therapy, Multimodal Treatment, Health PolicyAbstract
Chronic non cancer pain (CNCP) presents a global health challenge with substantial physical, psychological, and socioeconomic burdens. This review aims to synthesize recent evidence on integrated biopsychosocial approaches for CNCP management and examine their alignment with current pain policy frameworks. Using a narrative review methodology, literature was systematically gathered from major databases between 2015 and 2025, focusing on psychological, physical, pharmacologic, interventional, and social strategies. Findings reveal strong support for psychological interventions particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and mindfulness as effective methods to reduce pain severity and improve patient functioning. Movement based therapies such as yoga, tai chi, and graded activity were associated with enhanced physical capacity and reduced psychological distress. Non opioid pharmacologic agents and interventional procedures demonstrated targeted efficacy, especially when combined with broader treatment plans. Peer support and culturally responsive care were shown to reinforce self-management and improve long term adherence. Despite policy support for integrated care, barriers such as inadequate provider training, restrictive insurance policies, and systemic fragmentation hinder implementation. To address these gaps, healthcare systems must adopt team based care models, promote culturally competent approaches, and invest in telehealth infrastructure. These efforts will facilitate equitable, sustainable pain management solutions. This review underscores the central role of integrated biopsychosocial strategies in optimizing CNCP outcomes and advancing health equity.
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