Enhancing Diabetes Management Through Clinical Pharmacist Interventions: A Narrative Review
Keywords:
Clinical Pharmacist, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Interdisciplinary Care, Pharmacist Intervention, Collaborative Drug Therapy, Medication Adherence, Chronic Disease ManagementAbstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) presents an escalating global health challenge, necessitating innovative approaches in chronic disease management. This narrative review critically examines the role of clinical pharmacists in enhancing T2DM care, focusing on their impact on clinical outcomes, patient education, interdisciplinary collaboration, and cost effectiveness. A structured literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL databases for studies published between 2010 and 2023. Inclusion criteria targeted peer reviewed articles and empirical research examining pharmacist led interventions in T2DM management. The review identified strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of clinical pharmacists in improving glycemic control, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and patient adherence. Interventions such as therapeutic regimen adjustments, counseling, and promotion of self-monitoring significantly improved patient outcomes and reduced hospitalization rates. Collaborative models like Collaborative Drug Therapy Management (CDTM) were found to enhance the quality and continuity of care. Additionally, pharmacist engagement contributed to reduced healthcare costs and improved patient reported outcomes, including quality of life and satisfaction. Despite these benefits, systemic barriers such as limited regulatory authority and insufficient clinical training in some regions hinder the broader implementation of pharmacist led care. The review highlights the need for policy reforms, interdisciplinary training, and expanded clinical roles to optimize pharmacist integration. Enhancing the pharmacist’s role in T2DM management offers a promising strategy to advance chronic disease care globally.
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