Parenting Styles and Adolescent Development: Mental Health, Digital Behavior, and Academic Outcomes – A Global Review
Keywords:
Parenting Styles, Adolescent Development, ental ealth, Mental Health, Digital Behavior, Academic Stress, Emotional Regulation, Authoritarian parentingAbstract
This narrative review explores the impact of parenting styles on adolescent development, focusing on mental health, aggressive behavior, digital behavior, and academic performance. The study aims to synthesize empirical findings and provide theoretical context to better understand how different parenting approaches shape adolescent outcomes. Literature was systematically collected from Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed using relevant keywords such as "parenting styles," "adolescent development," "emotional regulation," and "academic stress." Inclusion criteria focused on peer-reviewed empirical studies involving adolescents aged 10 to 19. Findings reveal that authoritarian parenting is strongly associated with elevated risks of depression, anxiety, and aggression, while permissive parenting is linked to maladaptive coping and digital overuse. Conversely, authoritative parenting consistently supports emotional well-being, reduces aggression, and fosters academic self-regulation. Digital parenting interventions, school-family collaboration, and culturally tailored programs have emerged as effective strategies to mitigate negative behavioral and psychological outcomes. The discussion emphasizes the need to integrate classic parenting theories with modern challenges, such as social media and digital dependency. The review concludes that holistic approaches combining structured parenting, inclusive educational systems, and proactive policy support are crucial for adolescent well-being. Future research should explore longitudinal and multicultural perspectives to identify optimal interventions. These findings offer valuable insights for educators, mental health professionals, and policymakers in developing evidence-based solutions to strengthen adolescent development through improved parenting practices.
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