Resilient IoT Architectures for Sustainable Agriculture: Analyzing Energy and Network Performance in Field Deployments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61978/sativa.v1i3.1423Keywords:
IOT Agriculture, Energy Efficiency, Wireless Network Reliability, Smart Sensors, Latency, Packet LossAbstract
The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies into agricultural systems has revolutionized precision farming, offering high-resolution environmental monitoring and real-time decision-making capabilities. This study evaluates the energy and network performance of IoT systems deployed in sub-hectare plots, focusing on the interplay between wireless transmission reliability, latency, packet loss, device uptime, and energy consumption. Utilizing a hybrid architecture combining edge computing and cloud-based data management, the system consisted of solar-powered sensor nodes transmitting soil and climate data at 5–60 minute intervals. Performance metrics were logged over a 90-day field trial. Results indicated an average transmission success rate exceeding 93% under optimal conditions, with latency ranging from 120 to 300 milliseconds. Packet loss increased during rainfall events, while energy consumption averaged 18 Wh/day per sensor. Adaptive duty-cycling and data buffering strategies proved effective in conserving energy and maintaining reliability. Environmental factors especially weather variability emerged as critical influences on both communication performance and power availability. The findings underscore the importance of integrated system design, including energy-harvesting strategies, low-power communication protocols, and resilient network architectures, for ensuring the viability of IoT systems in rural agriculture. This research contributes empirical benchmarks and design insights essential for developing robust, scalable IoT solutions tailored to smallholder farming contexts.
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