The Influence of Environmental Social Governance, Firm Size, and Profitability on Firm Value
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61978/moneta.v3i1.445Keywords:
Firm Value, Environmental Social Governance, Firm Size, ProfitabilityAbstract
Global warming has grown significantly in importance as a critical environmental issue in recent years. This trend presents a considerable challenge for businesses. In an effort to increase awareness of sustainability, the Indonesia Stock Exchange launched the SRI-KEHATI Index, a stock index that includes companies that meet ESG criteria. Between 2019 and 2023, the worth of companies included in the index has shown a declining trend. This study examines the relationship of firm value with ESG, firm size, and profitability using secondary data from sustainability reports and financial statements. This study uses a quantitative approach that combines descriptive and causal methodologies. The study’s population is 43 companies, a selection of 11 companies was made as samples through purposive sampling techniques. The analysis technique applied is panel data regression. In conclusion, firm value is negatively affected by ESG, although firm size does not have an impact. ROA positively impacts firm value.
References
Adhi, R. E., & Cahyonowati, N. (2023). Pengaruh Environmental, Social, and Governance Disclosure terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Non-Keuangan di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2021). Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(3), 1–12. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/accounting/article/view/40165/29423
Aditama, F. W. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Environment, Social, Governance (ESG) Score terhadap Return Saham yang Terdaftar di Index IDX30. Contemporary Studies in Economics, Finance and Banking, 1(4), 592–602. https://doi.org/10.21776/csefb.2022.01.4.05 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21776/csefb.2022.01.4.05
Adnyani, I. G. N. S., & Suaryana, I. G. N. A. (2020). The Effect of Company Sizes, Sales Growth, and Profitability on Firm Values. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR), 4(6), 265–271. www.ajhssr.com
Adriani, V. A., & Parinduri, A. Z. (2024). Pengaruh Environmental, Sosial, Governance Disclosure, Leverage, Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Kualitas Audit terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(4), 11817–11829. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i4.13699
Aeni, N. A. M., & Asyik, N. F. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 8(7), 1–17. https://jurnalmahasiswa.stiesia.ac.id/index.php/jira/article/view/2237/2245
Ajape, M. K., & Paramita, V. S. (2023). Is the Environmental-Economic Performance Relationship Symbiotic? Evidence from Listed Non-Financial Firms in Nigeria. Indonesian Journal of Sustainability Accounting and Management, 7(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.28992/ijsam.v7i1.694 DOI: https://doi.org/10.28992/ijsam.v7i1.694
Aulia, A. N., Mustikawati, R. I., & Hariyanto, S. (2020). Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan dan Intellectual Capital terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Journal Riset Mahasiswa Manajemen (JRMM), 6(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21067/jrmm.v6i1.4463 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21067/jrmm.v6i1.4463
Aydoğmuş, M., Gülay, G., & Ergun, K. (2022). Impact of ESG performance on firm value and profitability. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(2), S119–S127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.11.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2022.11.006
bps.go.id. (2024). Neraca Arus Energi dan Neraca Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca Indonesia Indonesia Energy Flow Accounts and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Accounts 2018-2022 (Vol. 4). Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/06/21/87d30b44adc5c5eed7581f4b/neraca-arus-energi-dan-neraca-emisi-gas-rumah-kaca-indonesia-2018-2022.html
Chang, Y. J., & Lee, B. H. (2022). The Impact of ESG Activities on Firm Value: Multi-Level Analysis of Industrial Characteristics. Sustainability, 14(21), 14444. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114444
commission.europa.eu. (2024). EDGAR - Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research GHG emissions of all world countries - Report 2024. Commission.Europa.Eu. https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2024
Dewi, I. A. P. T., & Sujana, I. K. (2019). Pengaruh Likuiditas, Pertumbuhan Penjualan, dan Risiko Bisnis Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. E-Jurnal Akuntansi, 85. https://doi.org/10.24843/eja.2019.v26.i01.p04 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24843/EJA.2019.v26.i01.p04
Dogi, D. C. P., Lomousinea, I. E., & Widuri, R. (2024). The Effect of ESG on Firm Value and Performance During Covid-19. International Journal of Pertapsi, 2(2), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.9744/ijp.2.2.69-78 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9744/ijp.2.2.69-78
Dowling, J., & Pfeffer, J. (1975). Pacific Sociological Association Organizational Legitimacy: Social Values and Organizational Behavior. Source: The Pacific Sociological Review, 18(1), 122–136. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1388226
Dwiastuti, D. S., & Dillak, V. J. (2019). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kebijakan Hutang, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal ASET (Akuntansi Riset), 11(1), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v11i1.16841 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jaset.v11i1.16841
Freeman, R. E. (1984). The Stakeholder Approach Revisited. Zeitschrift Für Wirtschafts- Und Unternehmensethik, 5(3), 228–241. https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880x-2004-3-228 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880X-2004-3-228
Gultom, J. (2021). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, dan Likuiditas terhadap Tax Avoidance. Jurnal Akuntansi Berkelanjutan Indonesia, 4(2). http://openjournal.unpam.ac.id/index.php/JABI DOI: https://doi.org/10.32493/JABI.v4i2.y2021.p239-253
Gunawan, S. N., Sembiring, F. M., & Paramita, V. S. (2024). The Effect of Green Investment, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Good Corporate Governance on Green Company Value Mediated by Return on Investment. JASa (Jurnal Akuntansi, Audit Dan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi), 8(3), 673–687. https://doi.org/10.36555/jasa.v8i3.2705 DOI: https://doi.org/10.36555/jasa.v8i3.2705
Hidayat, I., & Khotimah, K. (2022). Pengaruh Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan sub sektor kimia. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 10(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v10i1.1175 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v10i1.1175
Hirdinis, M. (2019). Capital Structure and Firm Size on Firm Value Moderated by Profitability. International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 7(1), 174–191. https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar//handle/123456789/43966 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/204
Iman, C., Sari, F. N., & Pujiati, N. (2021). Pengaruh Likuiditas dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Perspektif: Jurnal Ekonomi & Manajemen Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika, 19(2), 191–198. https://doi.org/10.31294/jp.v17i2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31294/jp.v19i2.11393
Jamaludin. (2024). Analisis Nilai Perusahaan Menggunakan Tobins-Q (Studi Pada Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk. Periode 2013-2022). Prosiding Senantias: Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian Dan PkM, 5(2), 756–762.
Jaya, S. (2020). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan (Firm Size) dan Profitabilitas (ROA) Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Firm Value) Pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Property dan Real Estate di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Jurnal Manajemen Motivasi, 16(1), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.29406/jmm.v16i1.2136 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29406/jmm.v16i1.2136
Khamisah, N., Nani, D. A., & Ashsifa, I. (2020). Pengaruh Non-Performing Loan (NPL), BOPO dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Return on Assets (ROA) Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Jurnal Technobiz, 3(2), 18–23. https://ejurnal.teknokrat.ac.id/index.php/technobiz/article/view/836 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33365/tb.v3i2.836
Khotimah, S. N., Mustikowati, R. I., & Sari, A. R. (2020). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan dan Leverage Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa Akuntansi (JRMA), 8(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21067/jrma.v8i2.5232 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21067/jrma.v8i2.5232
Kolamban, D. V., Murni, S., & Baramuli, D. N. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Leverage, Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Industri Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI. Jurnal Emba : Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 8(3), 174–183. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.v8i3.29862
Mardiana, I. A., & Wuryani, E. (2019). Pengaruh Kinerja Lingkungan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi. Akunesa: Jurnal Akuntansi Unesa, 8(1). http://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-akuntansi/
Napitupulu, R. B., Simanjuntak, T. P., Hutabarat, L., Damanik, H., Harianja, H., Sirait, R. T. M., & Tobing, C. E. R. L. (2021). Penelitian Bisnis Teknik Analisis Data dengan SPSS - Stata - Eviews (1st ed.).
Nasution, M. I. S., Yulia, I. A., & Fitrianti, D. (2024). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Enviromental, Social dan Governance (ESG) Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar di BEI Tahun 2023). Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Manajemen (EMT) KITA, 8(4), 1255–1264. https://doi.org/10.35870/emt.v8i4.2939 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35870/emt.v8i4.2939
Noviani, A. V., Atahau, A. D. R., & Robiyanto, R. (2019). Struktur modal, profitabilitas, dan nilai perusahaan: Efek moderasi Good Corporate Governance. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 22(2), 391–415. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v22i2.2601 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v22i2.2601
Nurhadimah, S., & Paramita, V. S. P. (2024). The Influence of Good Corporate Governance, Firm Size, and Operating Capacity on Financial Distress (Study of Retail Trade Sub-Sector Companies Listed on The Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2017-2022). Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting, 5(1), 180–201. https://doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v5i1.1036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v5i1.1036
Oktavia, N. L., & Desmiza. (2024). Pengaruh Institusional Ownership, Leverage dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan yang Dimediasi Pengaruh Institusional Ownership, Leverage, dan Profitabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan yang Dimediasi oleh Kebijakan Dividen pada Perusahaan yang Tergabung dalam Indeks LQ45 Periode 2018-2022. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 13(1), 115–133. https://journal.stiem.ac.id/index.php/jureq/article/view/1885/788 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35906/equili.v13i1.1885
Perwita, E. (2023, October 27). Dampak Kenaikan Suku Bunga BI 2023 Terhadap Saham. Theinvestor.Id. https://theinvestor.id/artikel/dampak-kenaikan-suku-bunga-bi-2023-terhadap-saham/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.35760/eb.2022.v27i1.3693
Prayogo, E., Handayani, R., & Meitiawati, T. (2023). ESG Disclosure dan Retention Ratio terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Pemoderasi. Reviu Akuntansi Dan Bisnis Indonesia, 7(2), 368–379. https://doi.org/10.18196/rabin.v7i2.18212 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/rabin.v7i2.18212
Radyati, M. R. N., Paramita, W., ’Adilah, R., Sulistio, C. A., Lailani, I. S., Simangunsong, R. A. H., Ramadhan, T. D., & Altje, S. (2023). Buku Panduan ESG (Vol. 1).
Rahayu, S. D., & Paramita, V. S. (2023). The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Moderating the Effect of Financial Performance on Company Value. Jurnal Riset Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 16(1), 91–97. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23969/jrbm.v16i1.7329 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23969/jrbm.v16i1.7329
Rahelliamelinda, L., & Handoko, J. (2024). Profitabilitas sebagai Moderasi Pengaruh Kinerja ESG, Green Innovation, dan Eco-Efficiency terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Informasi, Perpajakan, Akuntansi, Dan Keuangan Publik, 19(1), 145–170. https://doi.org/10.25105/jipak.v19i1.19191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25105/jipak.v19i1.19191
Rahmah, N. A., Purwohedi, U., & Handarini, D. (2024). The Moderating Role of Profitability and Firm Size in ESG Disclosure Towards Firm Value. International Journal of Education, Social Studies, And Management (IJESSM), 4(2), 700–719. https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v4i2.345 DOI: https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v4i2.345
Rajagukguk, L., Ariesta, V., & Pakpahan, Y. (2019). Analisis Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Keputusan Investasi, dan Kebijakan Utang Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Inspirasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 3(1), 77–90. http://jurnal.unswagati.ac.id/index.php/jibm DOI: https://doi.org/10.33603/jibm.v3i1.2079
Reswita, Y., & Rahim, R. (2020). Pengaruh Ownership, Independent Board, dan Firm Size terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi Manajemen, 4(4), 792–805. https://jim.usk.ac.id/EKM/article/view/15518
Roestanto, A., Vivianita, A., & Nurkomalasari, N. (2022). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Umur Perusahaan, Jenis Industri, dan Struktur Kepemilikan terhadap Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Disclosure (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan di Indonesia yang Terdaftar di IDX 2017-2020). Jurnal Akuntansi, 8(1), 1–18. https://journal.stiem.ac.id/index.php/jurakun/article/view/958 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35906/jurakun.v8i1.958
Rohendi, H., Ghozali, I., & Ratmono, D. (2024). Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and firm value: the role of competitive advantage as a mediator. Cogent Business and Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2297446 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2297446
Saddam, M., Ali, O., & Ali, J. (2021). Pengaruh Profitabilitas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019). Jurnal Neraca Peradaban, 1(2), 128–135. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55182/jnp.v1i2.36 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55182/jnp.v1i2.36
Sondakh, R. (2019). The Effect of Dividend Policy, Liquidity, Profitability and Firm Size on Firm Value in Financial Service Sector Industries Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2015–2018 Period. Accountability, 8(2), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.32400/ja.24760.8.2.2019.91-101 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32400/ja.24760.8.2.2019.91-101
Spence, M. (1973). Job Market Signaling. Source: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 87(3), 355–374. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1882010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1882010
Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R&D (Vol. 19). Alfabeta.
Suhendar, R. P. A., & Paramita, V. S. (2024). Pengaruh Keputusan Investasi, Ukuran Perusahaan, Keputusan Pendanaan dan Kebijakan Dividen terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Perbankan yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2018-2022. Equilibrium, 13(1), 99–114. https://journal.stiem.ac.id/index.php/jureq/article/view/1883 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35906/equili.v13i1.1883
Susanti, W., Kesuma, I. M., Maya, W., & Sari, N. P. R. (2021). Pengaruh Return on Asset, Return on Equity, Net Profit Margin Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan Sub Sektor Pertambangan Minyak Dan Gas Bumi di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2014-2018. Journal Ekombis Review - Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 9(2), 171–182. https://doi.org/10.37676/ekombis.v9i2.1325
Susila, I. M. P., & Prena, G. Das. (2019). Pengaruh Keputusan Pendanaan, Kebijakan Deviden, Profitabilitas Dan Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Akuntansi: Kajian Ilmiah Akuntansi (JAK), 6(1), 80–87. https://doi.org/10.30656/jak.v6i1.941 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30656/jak.v6i1.941
Sutrisno. (2017). Manajemen Keuangan Teori Konsep & Aplikasi (2nd ed., Vol. 1). EKONISIA.
Wahyuningtyas, A. D., & Priyadi, M. P. (2023). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Struktur Modal, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 12(4). https://jurnalmahasiswa.stiesia.ac.id/index.php/jira/article/view/5190
Wardhani, W. K., Titisari, K. H., & Suhendro, S. (2021). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Struktur Modal, Ukuran Perusahaan, Dan Good Corporate Governance terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business, 5(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v5i1.264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v5i1.264
Wardhany, D. D. A., Hermuningsih, S., & Wiyono, G. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan yang Tergabung dalam LQ45 pada Periode 2015-2018). Ensiklopedia of Journal, 2(1), 216–224. http://jurnal.ensiklopediaku.org
Wibowo, C. A., & Andayani. (2021). Pengaruh Leverage, Profitabilitas, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Firm Size terhadap Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Akuntansi, 10(2). https://jurnalmahasiswa.stiesia.ac.id/index.php/jira/article/view/3813
Wijaya, H., Tania, D. R., & Cahyadi, H. (2021). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan. Jurnal Bina Akuntansi, 8(2), 109–121. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353185614_Faktor-Faktor_yang_Mempengaruhi_Nilai_Perusahaan DOI: https://doi.org/10.52859/jba.v8i2.148
Wijaya, I. G. N. S. (2019). Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Struktur Modal Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Referensi: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Dan Akutansi, 7(2), 123–129. https://jurnal.unitri.ac.id/index.php/refrensi/article/view/1484
World Bank. (2021). Commodity Prices to Stabilize after Early 2021 Gains, Supported by Global Economic Recovery. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2021/04/20/commodity-prices-to-stabilize-after-early-2021
Xaviera, A., & Rahman, A. (2023). Pengaruh Kinerja ESG terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Siklus Hidup Perusahaan sebagai Moderasi: Bukti dari Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis, 16(2), 226–247. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30813/jab.v16i2.4382 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30813/jab.v16i2.4382
Yanti, I. G. A. D. N., & Darmayanti, N. P. A. (2019). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Ukuran Perusahaan, Struktur Modal, dan Likuiditas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman. E-Jurnal Manajemen Unud, 8(4), 2297–2324. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2019.v8.i4.p15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2019.v08.i04.p15
Yu, X., & Xiao, K. (2022). Does ESG Performance Affect Firm Value? Evidence from a New ESG-Scoring Approach for Chinese Enterprises. Sustainability, 14(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416940 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416940
Zuhroh, I. (2019). The Effects of Liquidity, Firm Size, and Profitability on the Firm Value with Mediating Leverage. The 2nd International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business, and Philanthropy (ICIEBP) Theme: “Sustainability and Socio-Economic Growth,” KnE, 3(13), 203–230. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i13.4206 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i13.4206



