Toxicological Assessment of Chromatographic Fraction obtained From Aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica Seedpod in Experimental Rats
Keywords:
Acacia nilotica, n-butanol fraction, column chromatography, ToxicityAbstract
The toxicological effect of the chromatographic fraction B of Acacia nilotica on serum biochemical parameters in rats was investigated. The aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica was subjected to solvent partition using hexane, butanol and ethylacetate. The n-butanol fraction was subsequently subjected to column chromatography. Column fraction B was administered to rats in graded doses of 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 15mg/kg bw orally for twenty eight days. The Packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) levels were not significantly (p > 0.05) different at all same dose levels when compared with the control group. Serum total protein, globulin, total and conjugated bilirubin, urea, creatinine and uric acid levels of group administered the highest dose were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) when compared to the control group. However, at concentration of 5mg/kg bw and 10mg/kg bw of the administered extract there was no significant (p>0.05) changes in total protein, albumin and globulin levels, suggesting no major adverse effects on protein metabolism or liver function. Activity of liver aminotransferases are significantly increased (P < 0.05) at the highest dose level (15 mg/kg bw). The activity of kidney alkaline phosphatase was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) at the highest dose level. The toxicological assessment suggest that administration of Fraction B of Acacia nilotica pod should be with caution as higher dose may cause mild alteration in kidney and liver function.
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